Peningkatan Kinerja Microgrid Bangunan Kampus dengan Simulasi Multi Skenario dan Analisis Sensitivitas
Abstract
Penelitian ini mengevaluasi kinerja microgrid cerdas dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan ketersediaan pasokan listrik dan renewable fraction (RF). Evaluasi dilakukan dengan simulasi multi skenario yang mencakup produksi dan konsumsi energi. Simulasi dibagi tiga, yaitu skenario dasar, skenario uji, dan skenario rekomendasi. Skenario uji terdiri dari uji kapasitas sistem, penggantian komponen, dan analisis sensitivitas. Didapatkan dari skenario dasar bahwa ketersediaan pasokan listrik selama setahun telah terpenuhi, dengan RF 30,5%; cost of energy (CoE) Rp2.019/kWh; dan waktu otonomi baterai (WOB) 11,1 jam. Dari hasil analisis didapatkan beberapa rekomendasi berupa penggantian komponen baterai dan modul surya, penambahan kapasitas baterai, dan pengaturan batas state of charge (SoC) pada baterai untuk meningkatkan RF. Skenario rekomendasi tersebut berhasil meningkatkan ketersediaan pasokan listrik dan mencapai target dengan nilai WOB sebesar 37 jam dan RF sebesar 46,4% pada awal siklus hidup proyek; serta WOB sebesar 25,5 jam dan RF sebesar 29,1% pada akhir tahun ke 25, dengan CoE sebesar Rp6.448/kWh. Analisis sensitivitas operasi baterai lead-acid menunjukkan bahwa untuk mendapatkan RF maksimal rentang pengaturan SoC berada pada 0-20%. Sedangkan untuk baterai Li-Ion, rentang SoC adalah 0-25%.
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