ANALISIS SPATIAL URBAN HEAT ISLAND (UHI) DI KAWASAN INDUSTRI MAJALENGKA UTARA

Abstract

Majalengka Regency has increasingly functioned as a new regional growth center in West Java, triggering rapid urbanization and substantial land-use conversion since 2013. These processes have exerted significant pressure on the local environment, particularly through the intensification of the Urban Heat Island (UHI) phenomenon. Based on BMKG Stamet Kertajati observations, the average maximum air temperature increased by 2.7°C during the 2020–2025 period. The development of the West Java International Airport has reinforced North Majalengka as an emerging Central Business District (CBD) with an aerocity-based spatial structure integrated with industrial estates. The expansion of industrial activities, including textile, manufacturing, food processing, and extractive industries, has contributed to increased anthropogenic heat emissions and surface thermal accumulation. This study aims to analyze the spatial and temporal dynamics of UHI and land-use change in North Majalengka between 2013 and 2025. Multi-temporal Landsat 8 OLI imagery was processed using Land Surface Temperature (LST) analysis to estimate surface thermal conditions and the Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI) to quantify the extent and density of built-up areas. The results indicate a substantial increase of 162,919 ha in very densely built-up land. Surface temperature patterns exhibit notable interannual variability, with peak values of 41°C recorded in 2015 and 40°C in August 2023. The UHI effect is predominantly concentrated in Jatiwangi, Dawuan, Kasokandel, Kadipaten, Sumberjaya, Kertajati, and Jatitujuh Districts, which are characterized by high population mobility and intensive industrial land use. Overall, the findings demonstrate a strong association between urban expansion, industrial development, and the intensification of UHI in North Majalengka.