PENGARUH KEKERINGAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN DAN KADAR KALSIUM OKSALAT DAUN BAYAM (Amaranthus tricolor L. Var. Giti Hijau)
Abstract
Bayam merupakan tanaman sayuran yang memiliki kandungan kalsium oksalat di daunnya. Salah satu peran kalsium oksalat dalam tanaman adalah toleransi pada kekeringan. Penelitian ini penting dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kekeringan terhadap pertumbuhan dan kandungan kalsium oksalat daun bayam. Sehingga, tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh kekeringan terhadap pertumbuhan dan kandungan kalsium oksalat daun bayam varietas Giti Hijau. Metode penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan perlakuan disiram setiap hari dan disiram ketika layu 50%. Disiram setiap hari pada waktu pagi dan sore dan disiram ketika layu 50% pada populasi tanaman yang mengalami kelayuan 50%, yaitu 48 tanaman. Dilakukan sebanyak 12 ulangan per perlakuan. Setiap ulangan terdiri dari 4 unit percobaan, sehingga total 192 unit percobaan. Setiap unit percobaan terdapat 3 tanaman dengan 1 tanaman diamati dan 2 tanaman yang tidak diamati akan dipotong. Tanaman yang diamati memiliki tinggi tanaman yang sama. Diamati berat basah, berat kering, tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, luas daun, panjang akar, dan kandungan kalsium oksalat selama sebulan. Data dianalisis secara statistika dengan uji T tidak berpasangan. Jumlah daun dan jumlah daun cabang dianalisis dengan khi kuadrat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kekeringan hanya mempengaruhi pertumbuhan bayam varietas Giti Hijau dan tidak mempengaruhi kandungan kalsium oksalat. Pengaruh kekeringan terhadap varietas Giti Hijau menghasilkan respon tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, luas daun, dan panjang akar lebih tinggi dibandingkan penyiraman setiap hari, kecuali berat basah yang mengalami penurunan. Sementara itu, berat kering tidak terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan.
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