Studi Aktivitas Ekstrak Etanol Daun Cabai Merah (Capsicum annum L.) Sebagai Antidiabetes Pada Mencit (Mus Musculus) Galur Ddy Jantan

Lutfia Amalia  Putri; Dewi DYAK; Andreanus Andaja  Soemardji

Lutfia Amalia Putri
Dewi DYAK
Andreanus Andaja Soemardji

Keywords: Alloxan, Capsicum annum, Diabetes Mellitus, Glibenclamide, Male ddY Mice

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder that arises when pancreatic beta cells fail to synthesize sufficient insulin or when the body develops insulin resistance. Initially, the body attempts to compensate for this resistance by increasing insulin secretion to maintain blood glucose homeostasis. However, over time, this compensatory mechanism becomes ineffective, leading to a decline in insulin production and the progression of the condition into type 2 diabetes. Indonesia ranked fifth globally in terms of the highest number of DM cases in 2021. Red chili (Capsicum annuum L.) is an important horticultural commodity, utilized not only as a food and industrial ingredient but also as a traditional medicinal preparation, with its leaves suspected to contain flavonoids that may possess antidiabetic activity. This study aimed to study the antidiabetic effect of ethanol extract of red chili leaves in male ddY strain mice (Mus musculus) induced with alloxan. The experimental design included six treatment groups: a normal control group, a diabetic control group, a glibenclamide comparison group, and three test groups receiving extract doses of 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg body weight. Blood glucose levels were analyzed using SPSS to assess differences in antidiabetic responses among the groups. The results demonstrated that the 400 mg/kg body weight dose produced the highest reduction in blood glucose levels at 21.71%, showing effectiveness comparable to glibenclamide and approaching normal levels. These findings indicate that ethanol extract of red chili leaves has potential antidiabetic effects, particularly at the 400 mg/kg body weight test dose.

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